Muonium—the second radioisotope of hydrogen— and its contribution to free radical chemistry
نویسنده
چکیده
1 Overview 2 Introduction 3 Background to MuSR 3.1 Muonium as a radiolabel 4 The magnetic muon 4.1 Transverse-field muon spin rotation spectroscopy (TF-MuSR) 4.2 Avoided level crossing (ALC-MuSR) spectroscopy 4.3 Longitudinal-field muon spin relaxation measurements (LF-MuSRx) 5 Structural studies of radicals 5.1 Substituent effects 5.2 Cyclic systems 5.3 Acetylenes, allenes and butadienes 5.4 Cyclohexadienyl and bicyclic radicals 5.5 Muonium adducts of C O, C S, C N, N N and NO2 compounds 6 Mechanisms of radical formation 6.1 Muonium addition to imidazoles 6.2 Further “organic” media 7 Kinetic studies of Mu atoms 8 Kinetics of radical reactions 9 Radical stabilisation 9.1 Captodative stabilisation in radicals 9.2 Unimolecular isomerisation of radicals 9.3 Radical rearrangements (“kinetic clocks”) 10 Biological systems 10.1 Vitamin K as a potential antioxidant 11 Organometallic species 12 Radicals sorbed in solid materials 12.1 Catalytic media 12.2 PhCH –OMu radicals sorbed in zeolite X 12.3 Environmental surfaces 13 Concluding remarks 14 Acknowledgements 15 References
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